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In an attempt to complete the overview of resistance mechani
2023-12-08
In an attempt to complete the overview of resistance mechanisms in Spanish codling moth populations, the aims of the present work were to assess the actual occurrence of AChE and kdr mutations in codling moth field populations from different pome fruit-growing areas of Spain, concurrently with the f
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As a continuation of our search for a selective
2023-12-08
As a continuation of our search for a selective AChE radioligand bearing a meta-F substituted N-benzyl moiety, we designed and synthesized a novel meta-F-CP-118,954 analog along with a meta-18F-labeled form via diaryliodonium salt-based precursor (Fig. 1). For comparative purposes, we incorporate th
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ACh induced changes in respiratory frequency could be of int
2023-12-08
ACh-induced changes in respiratory frequency could be of interest. They may reveal an important mechanism of respiratory modulation at the caudal NTS level. ACh-induced increases in respiratory frequency within this region have been also reported by Furuya et al. (2014). Changes in respiratory timin
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The hippocampus is the primary brain structure
2023-12-08
The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in learning and memory. The role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurological processes in cognition and depression has been extensively demonstrated. Synaptophysin is a critical substance in synaptogenesis, which is necessary for learnin
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AP activation is known to upregulate downstream
2023-12-08
AP-1 activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes including γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester D1, c-myc, Bcl-xl, MMP-9, EGFR, and specific miRNAs that are involved in progression and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 has been shown as a downstream gene of AP-1, tri
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Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key enzymes that
2023-12-08
Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic histamine receptor antagonist (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and other
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Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have
2023-12-08
Two major categories of arginase inhibitors have been distinguished (Fig. 3): the first category comprises synthetic arginase inhibitors, which have been developed from the substrate l-arginine [35]; and the second category includes inhibitors derived from natural products [36]. The category of synt
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The relationship between the apelinergic and opioid systems
2023-12-08
The relationship between the apelinergic and opioid systems has been previously reported (Lv et al., 2011, Yang et al., 2010). Lv and colleagues showed that naloxone has a suppressive effect on apelin-induced depression-like behavior in mice (Lv et al., 2012a). Furthermore, heterodimerization of GPC
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br Introduction Natural antioxidants in vegetables have
2023-12-08
Introduction Natural antioxidants, in vegetables, have gained the attention of both researchers and consumers. Vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) is a good source of minerals, vitamins, phenolics, and carotenoids; it also contains betalains, a nitrogen containing group of natural pigments,
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A key function of the reference AFST would be
2023-12-08
A key function of the reference AFST would be to detect fungal resistance, i.e. to determine which antifungal agents are likely to be clinically inactive [2]. To this end, the epidemiological cut-off value, defined as ‘the upper end of the wild-type (WT) or beginning of the non-wild-type (NWT) MIC d
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The renin angiotensin system RAS is a
2023-12-08
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormonal system which plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure and body fluid resveratrol [14]. The main bioactive peptide of RAS is angiotensin II (Ang II) whose biological functions are interposed through angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angio
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IOX-2 synthesis Long term blood pressure regulation is linke
2023-12-08
Long term blood pressure regulation is linked to renal function through the mechanisms of pressure natriuresis (Evans et al., 2005), which has been shown to be modulated by the RAS (Hall et al., 1999). Key components of the RAS are expressed throughout the kidney, and are implicated in renal excreto
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br Materials and methods br
2023-12-07
Materials and methods Results Discussion Several major signaling and developmental pathways (e.g. EGFR, ALK, KRAS, TGFβ, Notch and Wnt/β-catenin) have been shown to be involved in lung carcinogenesis and they are being exploited as targets of the non-small cell lung cancer therapy (for revi
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Although our data failed to reproduce the robust enhancement
2023-12-07
Although our data failed to reproduce the robust enhancement of LTP in the rat dentate with nicotine that was previously reported, our results with NS6740 suggest a more fundamental role for α7 receptor signaling in modulation of synaptic tone in the LTP pathway. The discovery of the cholinergic ant
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Introduction The MMR system keeps the fidelity of
2023-12-07
Introduction The MMR system keeps the fidelity of replication by repairing replication errors such as base-base mispairs and insertions/deletions. It plays a substantial role in restoring the fidelity of DNA and contributing to genome integrity [1]. The components of MMR are conserved in a broad ra
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